The growth in cell-phone-only households represents a challenge for the collection of survey data. Cell phone-only households have distinct socio-demographic characteristics, which may result in different travel behavior. To explore those differences, as well as to investigate the impact of including a cell phone component in active transportation research, a representative sample of New Jersey households was surveyed with a random-digit dialing survey that included 1,200 completed landline interviews (800 based on a statewide sample, 400 from an oversample of Jersey City) and 311 statewide cell-phone interviews. The survey explored walking behavior and perceived characteristics of the pedestrian environment.

Read full report: Are Phone Samples Needed for Walking Activity Studies? (2011)